Erratum to: Serum-induced degradation of 3D DNA box origami observed with high-speed atomic force microscopy

Molecular machines directly observed by high-speed atomic force microscopy.

Molecular machines made of proteins are highly dynamic and carry out sophisticated biological functions. The direct and dynamic high-resolution visualization of molecular machines in action is considered to be the most straightforward approach to understanding how they function but this has long been infeasible until recently. High-speed atomic force microscopy has recently been realized, makin...

High-speed atomic force microscopy.

High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) has been developed as a nano-dynamics visualization technique. This microscopy permits direct observation of structure dynamics and dynamic processes of biological molecules in physiological solutions, at a subsecond to sub-100 ms temporal resolution and an ∼2 nm lateral and a 0.1 nm vertical resolution. Importantly, tip-sample interactions do not dis...

Components for high speed atomic force microscopy.

Many applications in materials science, life science and process control would benefit from atomic force microscopes (AFM) with higher scan speeds. To achieve this, the performance of many of the AFM components has to be increased. In this work, we focus on the cantilever sensor, the scanning unit and the data acquisition. We manufactured 10 microm wide cantilevers which combine high resonance ...

High-speed cycloid-scan atomic force microscopy.

A key hurdle in achieving high scan speeds in atomic force microscopes is that the probe is required to be scanned over the sample in a zig-zag raster pattern. The fast axis of the AFM scanner must track a signal that contains frequencies beyond its mechanical bandwidth. Consequently, fast raster scans generate distortions in the resulting image. We propose a smooth cycloid-like scan pattern th...

Structural changes in bacteriorhodopsin in response to alternate illumination observed by high-speed atomic force microscopy.